Oude afstandsbedieningen hergebruiken: Bouw slimme apparaten met Arduino

Onderdelen en benodigdheden

Over dit project

Dit project laat u oude afstandsbedieningen van videorecorders, TV's, DVD-spelers, enz. hergebruiken om apparaten zoals lampen, verwarming, enz. aan te sturen via relays, power-transistors of wat ook een 5V-signaal kan schakelen. In de demo worden 6 LED's getoggled.

Hoe het werkt

De sketch leert 6 IR-codes van een willekeurige afstandsbediening (bijv. toetsen 1–6) en slaat ze op in de EEPROM van de Arduino Nano. De codes blijven bewaard na reset of stroomuitval. Elke onbekende IR-code fungeert als reset en zet alle uitgangen uit.

Programmeren (Learn-modus)

1. Zet de wipschakelaar op "Learn" → rode status-LED brandt.
2. LED 1 knippert: druk de gewenste toets op de afstandsbediening.
3. Bij herkenning knippert de status-LED snel (trillingseffect) en gaat het naar LED 2.
4. Herhaal voor alle 6 LED's.
5. Na afloop knippert de status-LED langzaam (1 Hz) → zet schakelaar terug op "Run".

Dubbele codes worden gedetecteerd bij opstarten; de betrokken LED's knipperen ter waarschuwing.

Uitbreiding naar relays

De uitgangen kunnen in parallel met relays worden geschakeld om 230V-apparaten te besturen. Let op: sommige relays schakelen op 0V (laag), anderen op 5V (hoog). Gebruik eventueel een CD4011 quad NAND-gate voor signaalinversie. Wees voorzichtig met netsspanning – gevaar voor levensgevaarlijke schokken!

Code

/* Toggle 6 LEDs met IR-afstandsbediening – hergebruik oude remotes
   Paul M Dunphy VE1DX, maart 2020 */
#include <IRremote.h>
#include <EEPROM.h>

long unsigned int intIRCode;
long unsigned int savedIRCodes[6];
long unsigned int dupeCheck[6];

const int Recv_Pin = 2;
const int PinOne = 12, PinTwo = 11, PinThree = 10, PinFour = 9, PinFive = 8, PinSix = 7;
const int switchPin = 4;
const int statusPin = 5;
const unsigned long int repeatKeyPress = 0xFFFFFFFF;

boolean learnMode, first_iteration;
int togglestate1=0, togglestate2=0, togglestate3=0, togglestate4=0, togglestate5=0, togglestate6=0;
int remote_code_1, remote_code_2, remote_code_3, remote_code_4, remote_code_5, remote_code_6;

IRrecv irrecv(Recv_Pin);
decode_results results;

// EEPROM helpers voor 32-bit integers
void EEPROMWritelong(int address, long value) {
  byte four = (value & 0xFF);
  byte three = ((value >> 8) & 0xFF);
  byte two = ((value >> 16) & 0xFF);
  byte one = ((value >> 24) & 0xFF);
  EEPROM.write(address, four);
  EEPROM.write(address+1, three);
  EEPROM.write(address+2, two);
  EEPROM.write(address+3, one);
}

long EEPROMReadlong(long address) {
  long four = EEPROM.read(address);
  long three = EEPROM.read(address+1);
  long two = EEPROM.read(address+2);
  long one = EEPROM.read(address+3);
  return ((four << 0) & 0xFF) + ((three << 8) & 0xFFFF) + ((two << 16) & 0xFFFFFF) + ((one << 24) & 0xFFFFFFFF);
}

int Flip_LED(int led, int toggle_state) {
  if (toggle_state == 0) { digitalWrite(led, HIGH); return 1; }
  else { digitalWrite(led, LOW); return 0; }
}

void Reset() {
  digitalWrite(PinOne, LOW); digitalWrite(PinTwo, LOW); digitalWrite(PinThree, LOW);
  digitalWrite(PinFour, LOW); digitalWrite(PinFive, LOW); digitalWrite(PinSix, LOW);
  togglestate1=togglestate2=togglestate3=togglestate4=togglestate5=togglestate6=0;
}

void guessType() {
  Serial.print("Remote appears to be a ");
  switch (results.decode_type) {
    case NEC: Serial.println("NEC"); break;
    case SONY: Serial.println("SONY"); break;
    case RC5: Serial.println("RC5"); break;
    case RC6: Serial.println("RC6"); break;
    case DISH: Serial.println("DISH"); break;
    case SHARP: Serial.println("SHARP"); break;
    case JVC: Serial.println("JVC"); break;
    case SANYO: Serial.println("SANYO"); break;
    case MITSUBISHI: Serial.println("MITSUBISHI"); break;
    case SAMSUNG: Serial.println("SAMSUNG"); break;
    case LG: Serial.println("LG"); break;
    case WHYNTER: Serial.println("WHYNTER"); break;
    case AIWA_RC_T501: Serial.println("AIWA_RC_T501"); break;
    case PANASONIC: Serial.println("PANASONIC"); break;
    case DENON: Serial.println("DENON"); break;
    default: Serial.println("UNKNOWN"); break;
  }
}

void Confirm() {
  for(int i=0; i<=20; i++) { digitalWrite(statusPin, HIGH); delay(50); digitalWrite(statusPin, LOW); delay(50); }
  digitalWrite(statusPin, HIGH);
}

void learn_Mode() {
  int pins[6] = {12,11,10,9,8,7};
  if (first_iteration) { Serial.println(); Serial.println("Entering learn mode"); Serial.println(); }
  int location = 0, j = 0;
  while (j <= 5) {
    for(int i=0; i<=25; i++) {
      digitalWrite(pins[j], HIGH); delay(200);
      if (irrecv.decode(&results)) { intIRCode = results.value; irrecv.resume(); }
      digitalWrite(pins[j], LOW); delay(200);
      if (irrecv.decode(&results)) { intIRCode = results.value; irrecv.resume(); }
      if (intIRCode != repeatKeyPress && intIRCode != 0) { i=30; }
    }
    if (intIRCode != repeatKeyPress && intIRCode != 0) {
      if (j==0) guessType();
      Serial.print("Writing to EEPROM Location "); Serial.print(location);
      Serial.print(" IR code = "); Serial.println(intIRCode, HEX);
      EEPROMWritelong(location, intIRCode);
      location += 4; j++; Confirm(); intIRCode = 0; irrecv.resume();
    }
  }
  Serial.println(); Serial.println("Put Arduino back in run mode.");
  while (digitalRead(switchPin) == HIGH) { digitalWrite(statusPin, HIGH); delay(1000); digitalWrite(statusPin, LOW); delay(1000); }
  Serial.println("Returning to run mode.");
  delay(50); Serial.flush(); delay(50); asm volatile ("jmp 0");
}

void run_Mode() {
  if (first_iteration) Serial.println("Entering run mode");
  if (irrecv.decode(&results)) {
    if (results.value != repeatKeyPress) {
      current_remote_code = results.value;
      Serial.print("Key press detected, IR code = "); Serial.println(current_remote_code, HEX);
      if (current_remote_code == remote_code_1) togglestate1 = Flip_LED(PinOne, togglestate1);
      else if (current_remote_code == remote_code_2) togglestate2 = Flip_LED(PinTwo, togglestate2);
      else if (current_remote_code == remote_code_3) togglestate3 = Flip_LED(PinThree, togglestate3);
      else if (current_remote_code == remote_code_4) togglestate4 = Flip_LED(PinFour, togglestate4);
      else if (current_remote_code == remote_code_5) togglestate5 = Flip_LED(PinFive, togglestate5);
      else if (current_remote_code == remote_code_6) togglestate6 = Flip_LED(PinSix, togglestate6);
      else Reset();
    }
    delay(500); irrecv.resume();
  }
}

void setup() {
  first_iteration = true;
  Serial.begin(9600);
  irrecv.enableIRIn();
  pinMode(PinOne, OUTPUT); pinMode(PinTwo, OUTPUT); pinMode(PinThree, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(PinFour, OUTPUT); pinMode(PinFive, OUTPUT); pinMode(PinSix, OUTPUT);
  Reset();
  pinMode(statusPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);

  // Controleer EEPROM op 0xFFFFFFFF (nieuwe Nano's)
  boolean defaultToSony = false;
  long unsigned int IRCode; int location = 0;
  for(int i=0; i<=5; i++) { IRCode = EEPROMReadlong(location); if (IRCode == repeatKeyPress) defaultToSony = true; location += 4; }
  if (defaultToSony) {
    Serial.println("0xFFFFFFFF in EEPROM gevonden. Standaard Sony RM-YD104 codes geladen.");
    EEPROMWritelong(0, 0x10); delay(50);
    EEPROMWritelong(4, 0x810); delay(50);
    EEPROMWritelong(8, 0x410); delay(50);
    EEPROMWritelong(12, 0xC10); delay(50);
    EEPROMWritelong(16, 0x210); delay(50);
    EEPROMWritelong(20, 0xA10); delay(50);
  }

  // Lees opgeslagen codes
  Serial.println(); Serial.println("Reading stored IR remote codes...");
  location = 0;
  for(int j=0; j<=5; j++) {
    savedIRCodes[j] = EEPROMReadlong(location);
    Serial.print("Location "); Serial.print(location); Serial.print(" = "); Serial.println(savedIRCodes[j], HEX);
    dupeCheck[j] = savedIRCodes[j]; location += 4;
  }
  // Dubbele codes detecteren (opeenvolgend)
  for(int i=0; i<5; i++) for(int j=i+1; j<6; j++)
    if (dupeCheck[i] == dupeCheck[j]) {
      Serial.println("Duplicate codes found. Suggest re-running learn mode");
      for(int k=0; k<=5; k++) {
        digitalWrite(pins[i], HIGH); digitalWrite(pins[j], HIGH); delay(1000);
        digitalWrite(pins[i], LOW); digitalWrite(pins[j], LOW); delay(1000);
      }
    }

  remote_code_1 = savedIRCodes[0]; remote_code_2 = savedIRCodes[1]; remote_code_3 = savedIRCodes[2];
  remote_code_4 = savedIRCodes[3]; remote_code_5 = savedIRCodes[4]; remote_code_6 = savedIRCodes[5];
  delay(1000); Serial.println("Stored codes read."); Serial.println();
}

void loop() {
  learnMode = (digitalRead(switchPin) == HIGH);
  if (learnMode) { first_iteration = true; Reset(); digitalWrite(statusPin, HIGH); learn_Mode(); Reset(); first_iteration = false; }
  else { digitalWrite(statusPin, LOW); run_Mode(); first_iteration = false; }
}

Schema

Zie de bijgevoegde schema-afbeelding voor de bedrading op het breadboard.